Overview

We took part as team members in developing a Command & Control Simulator for military officers’ tactics trainings and mission rehearsals.

Command & Control Simulator allows officers to train and improve their tactical skills of commanding formations in combat conditions. This is a collective training where a team of officers from both sides takes part in simulator training using a computer network. Officers study to plan and fight a battle, with possibilities of what-if tactical analysis and after-action review.

This simulator was developed with the principles of maximum correspondence to the real world and to tactical actions of military officers.

Here you can see as instructor prepare tactical exercise. He defines starting positions of formations and their sectors of responsibility.

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Main features:

This simulator allows training tens of military officers simultaneously (from both sides). Each of them has his own computerized workplace with tactical map viewpoint where he can work with a map, draw signs on it, use map information for making decisions and give orders with graphical signs.

Here you can see work of Command & Control Simulator in planning mode. In this mode officer give formations order to attack. Later, in combat mode, AI will led all formations unit to complete orders given in planning mode

Simulation of a virtual world is the basis of a simulator (please refer to ). Thousands of units are led by artificial intelligence (see section) in this world. Everything is simulated to achieve maximal realism and similarity to the real world. The state of the virtual world changes plenty times per second. In each timeframe new movements and actions are calculated by AI Engine and operated by Virtual World Engine. Complex decisions are taken by AI Engine at each simulation step: relief, types of units and weapons, land types, obstacles etc.

Here you can see visualization of formation fight. Blue forces has the orders to attack, red forces – to defense. You can see giving real time orders for blue forces to attack with moving into position and you can see an order for red forces to march to new positions.
Under the map there is virtual world where each unit is modelled simultaneously and it acts due to mission tasks led by artificial intelligence.

For maximum reality of tactical training simulation the possibility to model a real world area was developed. Topographic paper scan-based imagery was geographically anchored to the world geo coordinate system, and elevation was read and approximated to the necessary precision from SRTM elevation data. Land types (fields, forests etc.) were read from digital vector maps data and modelled in the simulated world.

For maximal corresponding to military actions in the real world a trainee (officer) does not see real positions of enemy formations, but he can draw signs of their assumed locations based on the information provided by scouts (accompanied by instructors). This allows officers to learn working with a map and scout data. But instructors can see real positions of both sides on their instructor topographic maps.

For maximal realism 3D viewpoints were developed for field officers that modelled some real world point of view that a field officer can see depending on the relief, atmospheric effects, smoke, forests etc. So, officers take decisions as if in field conditions: based on scout data and current point of view.

At the same time 3D free-fly viewpoint was developed for the instructors to be able to have a bird’s-eye view of a battle. An exercise manager with help of an instructor operating station can also monitor and control the simulation, the computer simulated forces are used for playing up to, introduce battle events etc.

Here you can see in 3D attack of mechanized infantry as part of Command & Control Simulator. This formation is led by Artificial Intelligence that is part of our synthetic environments solutions

Besides, all activities during simulation are recorded for debriefing and after-action review with the possibility to replay the simulation from any time point. Same to action controls that has been created for start, pause, resume or stop the simulation.

Here you can see AI logic that is used for infantry behavior modelling. Infantry try to reach the mission task: attack. So, they move by bounds, and laying down after few steps, to be less targattable for enemy units. They try to optimize the ammunition as it is limited and shoot only when target is in shooting range and can be damaged by current weapon and ammunition type. When there is a hill slope, soldier don’t lay down in the grass, but sitting on his knee.

Planning mode also has been developed. In this mode officers make initial plans for actions before simulation starts when the officers study background. When all orders are given to all simulated formations, simulation starts and the officers can make new orders in real time during the simulation process. Planning mode is also used for What-If analysis to check several times how some decisions can help to reach mission goals or dismiss it. With the help of such analysis officers can study tactical principles rapidly.

You can read more detailed information about our Command & Control Simulator development in Staff Officer Tactical Trainers, C&C Simulators subsection of Services section a tour site.